🧾 What is the “Big Beautiful Bill”?

On July 4, 2025, President Trump signed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act into law through a budget reconciliation process, bypassing the Senate filibuster.
The legislation spans nearly 900 pages and combines sweeping tax reforms with deep spending cuts and new regulatory changes.

Key Provisions

✅ Tax Breaks & Economic Incentives

Makes permanent most of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act provisions, preventing over $4 trillion in scheduled tax increases. Read More
Introduces deductions for:
- Tips and overtime (up to $25k for individuals under $150k income), operational until 2028 Learn more here
- U.S.-assembled autos: up to $10k interest deduction .
- Seniors: up to $6k deduction for Social Security recipients, set to expire in 2028 Wikipedia
Boosts Child Tax Credit from $2k to $2.2k, indexing it for inflation Wikipedia
Provides immediate deductions for business investment and R&D, aiming to increase long-term GDP by ~0.7% . Read More Here.

🔻 Cuts to Social Programs

Medicaid funding slashed by $1–1.2 trillion over the next decade, introducing work requirements, copays, and stricter eligibility reviews.
SNAP (food stamps): new 80-hour/month work mandates for adults under 65 and increased state administration costs.
Defunding of Planned Parenthood via Medicaid bans—though a federal judge issued a temporary injunction on this provision.

🎓 Student Loan Overhaul

Caps graduate borrowing: max of $20.5k/year ($100k lifetime), or $50k/year ($200k lifetime) for professional degrees.
Eliminates Grad PLUS and trims repayment plans from over a dozen to only two Vox.

🌍 Environment & Energy

Phases out clean-energy tax credits from the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), including for wind, solar, EVs, methane emissions and EV charging .
Includes fossil-fuel friendly measures like metallurgical coal credits and oil & gas lease sales.

🛂 Immigration & Border Control

Adds $170 billion for border security and ICE funding, expanding ICE’s budget tenfold to over $100 billion by 2029 Wikipedia.
Enables capacity for up to 1 million deportations annually; institutes new non-immigrant visa fees (e.g., $250 “Integrity Fee”) Indiatimes.

🪖 Defense, Agriculture & Miscellaneous

Defense: $150 billion extra for shipbuilding, missile defense, AI and drone tech, the Coast Guard, etc. .
NASA: $10 billion to support Artemis projects, ISS operations, and others Wikipedia.
Agriculture: Higher subsidies, expanded crop insurance, and expanded Garden of American Heroes funding ($40 million).

🏁 Bottom Line

The One Big Beautiful Bill marks a major conservative legislative triumph: deep tax cuts, deregulatory moves, and militarization of border enforcement. Yet it also sharply retrenches social safety nets, burdens low-income families, amplifies inequality, and risks fiscal imbalance. Its full economic and social toll—on healthcare accessibility, poverty, state budgets, and clean energy—will unfold over this decade, likely becoming a defining issue in the 2026 midterms and beyond.